Chitosan-ammonium acetate-ethylene carbonate membrane for proton batteries

Proton-conducting membranes were prepared using a solution-casting technique. The highest membrane conductivity of (3.83 +/- 0.73) x 10(-3) S cm(-1) was achieved in chitosan acetate-50 wt.% ammonium acetate-70 wt.% ethylene carbonate. The batteries were fabricated with a configuration of Zn + ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O parallel to chitosan membrane parallel to MnO2 and Zn + ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O parallel to chitosan membrane parallel to V2O5. The cathode materials produced open circuit voltages of 1.60 and 1.27 V using manganese (IV) oxide (MnO2) and vanadium (IV) oxide (V2O5), respectively. The discharge capacities of the batteries were 45.0 and 34.7 mA h using MnO2 and V2O5 cathode at 1.0 mA, respectively. The maximum power densities were 1.83 mW cm(-2) for the battery with MnO2 and 1.36 mW cm(-2) for the battery with V2O5 cathode. (C) 2014 King Saud University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.