Journal
ACTA MECHANICA SINICA
Volume 33, Issue 4, Pages 742-753Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s10409-017-0684-5
Keywords
Wind turbine aerodynamics; Turbine wake characteristics; Wake interference over wind farms; Dynamic wind loadings acting on wind turbines
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [CBET-1133751, CBET-1438099]
- National Key Technology Support Program of China [2015BAA06B04]
- Shanghai Natural Science Foundation [16ZR1417600]
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We examined experimentally the effects of incoming surface wind on the turbine wake and the wake interference among upstream and downstream wind turbines sited in atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) winds. The experiment was conducted in a large-scale ABL wind tunnel with scaled wind turbine models mounted in different incoming surface winds simulating the ABL winds over typical offshore/onshore wind farms. Power outputs and dynamic loading sacting on the turbine models and the wake flow characteristics behind the turbine models were quantified. The results revealed that the incoming surface winds significantly affect the turbine wake characteristics and wake interference between the upstream and downstream turbines. The velocity deficits in the turbine wakes recover faster in the incoming surface winds with relatively high turbulence levels. Variations of the power outputs and dynamic wind loadings acting on the downstream turbines sited in the wakes of upstream turbines are correlated well with the turbine wakes characteristics. At the same downstream locations, the downstream turbines have higher power outputs and experience greater static and fatigue loadings in the inflow with relatively high turbulence level, suggesting a smaller effect of wake interference for the turbines sited in onshore wind farms.
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