Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 8, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15155
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Funding
- JSPS [14J00689]
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (MEXT) [15H03566, 16H00933, 16H00959, 16K13680, 16K17482]
- Asahi Glass Foundation
- Mitsubishi Foundation
- Yamada Science Foundation
- Ube foundation
- Precise Measurement Technology Promotion Foundation
- GACR (Czech Science Foundation) [14-16963J]
- Czech Academy of Sciences through Praemium Academiae award
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [15H03566, 16K17482, 16H00959, 16H00933, 16K13680, 14J00689] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Electronegativity is a fundamental concept in chemistry. Despite its importance, the experimental determination has been limited only to ensemble-averaged techniques. Here, we report a methodology to evaluate the electronegativity of individual surface atoms by atomic force microscopy. By measuring bond energies on the surface atoms using different tips, we find characteristic linear relations between the bond energies of different chemical species. We show that the linear relation can be rationalized by Pauling's equation for polar covalent bonds. This opens the possibility to characterize the electronegativity of individual surface atoms. Moreover, we demonstrate that the method is sensitive to variation of the electronegativity of given atomic species on a surface due to different chemical environments. Our findings open up ways of analysing surface chemical reactivity at the atomic scale.
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