Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 8, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15248
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Funding
- NSF [EAR 14445634, EAR 1551187, 1314109-DGE]
- two Geological Society of America Graduate Student Research Grants
- ARC [DP160102427]
- AuScope NCRIS2 program
- Australian Scientific Instruments Pty Ltd.
- Instrumentation and Facilities Program, Division of Earth Sciences, NSF
- Division Of Earth Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1551187] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Large calderas, or supervolcanoes, are sites of the most catastrophic and hazardous events on Earth, yet the temporal details of post-supereruption activity, or resurgence, remain largely unknown, limiting our ability to understand how supervolcanoes work and address their hazards. Toba Caldera, Indonesia, caused the greatest volcanic catastrophe of the last 100 kyr, climactically erupting similar to 74 ka. Since the supereruption, Toba has been in a state of resurgence but its magmatic and uplift history has remained unclear. Here we reveal that new C-14, zircon U-Th crystallization and (U-Th)/He ages show resurgence commenced at 69.7+/-4.5 ka and continued until at least similar to 2.7 ka, progressing westward across the caldera, as reflected by post-caldera effusive lava eruptions and uplifted lake sediment. The major stratovolcano north of Toba, Sinabung, shows strong geochemical kinship with Toba, and zircons from recent eruption products suggest Toba's climactic magma reservoir extends beneath Sinabung and is being tapped during eruptions.
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