Humulus lupulus As a Raw Material for Bio-oil Production via Slow Pyrolysis

Humulus lupulus, a kind of hop plant agricultural waste was pyrolysed in a fixed bed reactor with a heating rate of 10 degrees C min(-1) in the presence of N-2 atmosphere. The effect of pyrolysis temperature was investigated at 450, 500, 550 and 600 degrees C. The characterization of solid product (char) and liquid product (bio-oil) was performed by spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. Column chromatography, GC-MS, and FT-IR analyses were used for the characterization of bio-oil; whereas FT-IR and SEM were the techniques for char characterization. Experimental results showed that liquid products are available to evaluate as valuable chemicals and environmentally friendly synthetic fuels whereas solid products can be used as a low-cost adsorbent for wastewater treatments.