Application of capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C4D): An update

Capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection ((CD)-D-4) has appeared as a powerful technique for the detection of compounds lacking chromogenic or fluorogenic group. Since our last review (Biomedical Chromatography 2014; 28: 1502-1506) several new capillary electrophoresis (CE)-(CD)-D-4 methods have been reported. This review provides an update of the most recent utilization of CE-(CD)-D-4 in the field of pharmaceutical, biomedical and food analysis covering the period from February 2014 to October 2016. The use of CE with (CD)-D-4 in the pharmaceutical field has been shown in many papers. Examples illustrate the applicability of CE-(CD)-D-4 in the fields of pharmaceutical, biomedical and food analysis. Finally, general conclusions and perspectives are provided.