Journal
BIOESSAYS
Volume 39, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/bies.201700036
Keywords
galectin-3; inflammation; insulin resistance; leukotriene; macrophage; microbiome; obesity
Categories
Funding
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD/NIH through a Cooperative Centers Program in Reproduction and Infertility Research
- Merck
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [81622010]
- CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS) [2016-I2M-4-001]
- Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund [2016ZX310190, 2016ZX320014]
- [DK033651]
- [DK074868]
- [DK-063491]
- [DK-09062]
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Galectin-3 and LTB4 are pro-inflammatory molecules recently shown to directly cause insulin resistance in mouse and human cells. They are highly expressed in the obese state, and can be targeted both genetically and pharmacologically to improve insulin sensitivity in vivo. This expands on previous research showing that targeting inflammatory cytokines can be insulin sensitizing in animal models. However, translating these potential therapies into the human setting remains challenging. Here we review this latest research, and discuss how balancing their pleiotropic functions, the action of the microbiome, and the ability to identify relevant patient populations are vital considerations for successful anti-inflammatory insulin sensitizing therapy.
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