Journal
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
Volume 58, Issue -, Pages 22-33Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.05.006
Keywords
Immune checkpoint inhibitor; Immunotherapy; Programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1); Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1); Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4)
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Funding
- NIH/NCI Cancer Center [P30 CA008748]
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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have shown great promise in a wide spectrum of adult solid and hematological malignancies, achieving objective tumor responses and prolonging survival. However, there is limited clinical success amongst pediatric patients. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of ICI and present an up-to-date overview of recent and ongoing clinical trials of ICI in pediatric malignancies. In addition, we will discuss immunologic and clinical difficulties in this young population, as well as future prospects for combination of ICI with other immune-based and conventional treatments. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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