Journal
CELL CYCLE
Volume 16, Issue 16, Pages 1499-1501Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1346761
Keywords
5hmC; 5-hydroxymethylcytosine; DNA demethylation; DNA methylation; DNA repair; ten-eleven translocation; TET
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Funding
- Russian Science Foundation [14-24-00022]
- Russian Science Foundation [17-24-00005] Funding Source: Russian Science Foundation
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Active DNA demethylation performed by ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes produces 5-hydroxymethylcytosines, 5-formylcytosines, and 5-carboxylcytosines. Recent observations suggest that 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is a stable epigenetic mark rather than merely an intermediate of DNA demethylation. However, the clear functional role of this new epigenetic player is elusive. The contribution of 5-hydroxymethylation to DNA repair is being discussed currently. Recently, Jiang and colleagues have demonstrated that DNA damage response-activated ATR kinase phosphorylates TET3 in mammalian cells and promotes DNA demethylation and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine accumulation. Moreover, TET3 catalytic activity is important for proper DNA repair and cell survival. Here, we discuss recent studies on the potential role of 5-hydroxymethylation in DNA repair and genome integrity maintenance.
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