Journal
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
Volume 29, Issue 15, Pages 6511-6517Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b02122
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Funding
- US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, as part of the Energy Frontier Research Center Center for Next Generation of Materials by Design: Incorporating Metastability [DE-AC36-08G028308]
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We report on design of optoelectronic properties in previously unreported metastable tin titanium nitride alloys with spinel crystal structure. Theoretical calculations predict that Ti alloying in metastable Sn3N4 compound should improve hole effective mass by up to 1 order of magnitude, while other optical bandgaps remains in the 1-2 eV range up to x similar to 0.35 Ti composition. Experimental synthesis of these metastable alloys is predicted to be challenging due to high required nitrogen chemical potential (Delta mu(N) >= +1.0 eV) but proven to be possible using combinatorial cosputtering from metal targets in the presence of nitrogen plasma. Characterization experiments confirm that thin films of such (Sn1-xTix)(3)N-4 alloys can be synthesized up to x = 0.45 composition, with suitable optical band gaps (1.5-2.0 eV), moderate electron densities (10(17) to 10(18) cm(-3)), and improved photogenerated hole transport (by 5x). Overall, this study shows that it is possible to design the metastable nitride materials with properties suitable for potential use in solar energy conversion applications.
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