Journal
CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS
Volume 36, Issue -, Pages 79-87Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.06.005
Keywords
Tumor microenvironment; Immunosuppressive factors; Dendritic cells; T cells
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Funding
- Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC) [IG-19016, IG-19119]
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Tumor progression is accompanied by the production of a wide array of immunosuppressive factors by tumor and non-tumor cells forming the tumor microenvironment. These factors belonging to cytokines, growth factors, metabolites, glycan-binding proteins and glycoproteins are responsible for the establishment of immunosuppressive networks leading towards tumor promotion, invasion and metastasis. In pre-clinical tumor models, the inactivation of some of these suppressive networks reprograms the phenotypic and functional features of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, ultimately favoring effective anti-tumor immune responses. We will discuss factors and mechanisms identified in both mouse and human tumors, and the possibility to associate drugs inhibiting these mechanisms with new immunotherapy strategies already entered in the clinical practice. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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