Risk Factors of Resistance to Intravenous Immunoglobulin in patients with Kawasaki: A Cross-Sectional Study Over a 10 Year Period (2006-2016)

Introduction: Kawasaki is an acute vasculitis and is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children. About 25% of patients remain infected and febrile despite receiving intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and laboratory predictive resistance factors for intravenous immunoglobulin in patients with Kawasaki hospitalized in Khorramabad Shahid Madani Hospital. Materials and Methods: Patients were divided into two groups: a) responders to IVIG treatment, consisting of 47 patients (90/4 %); and b) resistant to treatment, consisting of 5 patients (9.6%), and the difference between clinical manifestations and laboratory findings of the two groups were examined and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: 52 patients with Kawasaki diagnosis were gauged. In the treatment-resistant group (9.6%), the number of clinical symptoms was lower than that of KAU diagnosis criteria, but this difference was not statistically significant between the two groups. Laboratory tests evaluation showed that the mean of ESR and CRP were higher in the treatment-resistant group and the mean of serum sodium in this group was lower than that of the responder group. Discussion and Conclusion: High ESR and CRP and lower serum sodium levels can be considered as predictors of resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in patients with Kawasaki.