Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 9, Issue 37, Pages 32126-32134Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09565
Keywords
polymer solar cells; ternary copolymerization; random terpolymer; temperature-dependent aggregation; low-temperature fabrication
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21604092, 51573205]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2017M610453]
- Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation [ZR2016BB33]
- Science and Technology Innovation Talents of Harbin [2013RFXXJ004]
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For many high-performance photovoltaic materials in polymer solar cells (PSCs), the active layers usually need to be spin-coated at high temperature due to the strong intermolecular aggregation of donor polymers, which is unfavorable in device repeatability and large-scale PSC printing. In this work, we adopted a ternary copolymerization strategy to regulate polymer solubility and molecular aggregation. A series of D-A(1)-D-A(2) random polymers based on different acceptors, strong electron-withdrawing unit ester substituted thieno[3,4-b]thiophene (TT-E), and highly planar dithiazole linked TT-E (DTzTT) were constructed to realize the regulation of molecular aggregation and simplification of device fabrication. The results showed that as the relative proportion of TT-E segment in the backbone increased, the absorption evidently red-shifted with a gradually decreased aggregation in solution, eventually leading to the active layers that can be fabricated at low temperature. Furthermore, due to the excellent phase separation and low recombination, the optimized solar cells based on the terpolymer P1 containing 30% of TT-E segment exhibit high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.09% with a significantly enhanced fill factor up to 72.86%. Encouragingly, the photovoltaic performance is insensitive to the fabrication temperature of the active layer, and it still could maintain high PCE of 8.82%, even at room temperature. This work not only develops the highly efficient photovoltaic materials for low temperature processed PSCs through ternary copolymerization strategy but also preliminarily constructs the relationship between aggregation and photovoltaic performance.
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