Journal
ADDICTION
Volume 112, Issue 10, Pages 1742-1751Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/add.13873
Keywords
Adolescents; alcohol advertising; alcohol use; population-based; school-based surveys; targeted rating points; trends
Categories
Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) [1037104]
- VicHealth
- Foundation for Alcohol Research and Education (FARE)
- Victorian Department of Health
- Cancer Council in Victoria
- Cancer Council in NSW
- Cancer Council in Queensland
- Cancer Council in Western Australia
- health department in Victoria
- health department in NSW
- health department in Queensland
- health department in Western Australia
- Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing
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AimsTo determine (i) whether Australian adolescents' exposure to television alcohol advertisements changed between 1999 and 2011 and (ii) examine the association between television alcohol advertising and adolescent drinking behaviours. DesignCross-sectional surveys conducted every 3 years between 1999 and 2011. Analyses examined associations between advertising exposures and reported drinking. SettingFive Australian major cities. ParticipantsStudents aged 12-17years participating in a triennial nationally representative school-based survey residing in the television advertising markets associated with the major cities (sample size range per survey: 12644-16004). MeasurementsOutcome measures were: drinking in the past month, past week and past-week risky drinking (5+ drinks on a day). The key predictor variable was past-month adolescent-directed alcohol advertising Targeted Rating Points (TRPs, a measure of television advertising exposure). Control measures included student-level characteristics, government alcohol-control advertising TRPs, road safety (drink-driving) TRPs and time of survey. FindingsAverage monthly adolescent alcohol TRPs increased between 1999 (mean=2371) to 2005 (mean=2679) (P<0.01) then decreased between 2005 and 2011: (mean=880) (P<0.01). Multi-level logistic regression analyses that adjusted for survey timing, student level factors and alcohol-control advertising variables showed a significant association between past-month alcohol TRPs and past-month drinking [odds ratio (OR)=1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.07-1.15), past-week drinking (OR=1.10, 95% CI=1.06-1.14) and past-week risky drinking (OR=1.15, 95% CI=1.09-1.22). Past-week risky drinking was associated inversely with road safety TRPs (OR=0.69, 95% CI=0.49-0.98). ConclusionsWhile Australian adolescents' exposure to alcohol advertising on television reduced between 1999 and 2011, higher levels of past-month television alcohol advertising were associated with an increased likelihood of adolescents' drinking. The reduction in television alcohol advertising in Australia in the late 2000s may have played a part in reducing adolescents' drinking prevalence.
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