Journal
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
Volume 28, Issue 9, Pages 1228-1239Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0956797617700622
Keywords
cultural change; individualism; cross-cultural differences; social ecology; change over time; open data
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Funding
- Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada [435-2014-0685]
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Individualism appears to have increased over the past several decades, yet most research documenting this shift has been limited to the study of a handful of highly developed countries. Is the world becoming more individualist as a whole? If so, why? To answer these questions, we examined 51 years of data on individualist practices and values across 78 countries. Our findings suggest that individualism is indeed rising in most of the societies we tested. Despite dramatic shifts toward greater individualism around the world, however, cultural differences remain sizable. Moreover, cultural differences are primarily linked to changes in socioeconomic development, and to a lesser extent to shifts in pathogen prevalence and disaster frequency.
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