Transparent, Flexible, and Conductive 2D Titanium Carbide (MXene) Films with High Volumetric Capacitance

2D transition-metal carbides and nitrides, known as MXenes, have displayed promising properties in numerous applications, such as energy storage, electromagnetic interference shielding, and catalysis. Titanium carbide MXene (Ti3C2Tx), in particular, has shown significant energy-storage capability. However, previously, only micrometer-thick, nontransparent films were studied. Here, highly transparent and conductive Ti3C2Tx films and their application as transparent, solid-state supercapacitors are reported. Transparent films are fabricated via spin-casting of Ti3C2Tx nanosheet colloidal solutions, followed by vacuum annealing at 200 degrees C. Films with transmittance of 93% (approximate to 4 nm) and 29% (approximate to 88 nm) demonstrate DC conductivity of approximate to 5736 and approximate to 9880 S cm(-1), respectively. Such highly transparent, conductive Ti3C2Tx films display impressive volumetric capacitance (676 F cm(-3)) combined with fast response. Transparent solid-state, asymmetric supercapacitors (72% transmittance) based on Ti3C2Tx and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films are also fabricated. These electrodes exhibit high capacitance (1.6 mF cm(-2)) and energy density (0.05 mu W h cm(-2)), and long lifetime (no capacitance decay over 20 000 cycles), exceeding that of graphene or SWCNT-based transparent supercapacitor devices. Collectively, the Ti3C2Tx films are among the state-of-the-art for future transparent, conductive, capacitive electrodes, and translate into technologically viable devices for next-generation wearable, portable electronics.