Journal
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
Volume 61, Issue -, Pages 204-216Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.07.044
Keywords
Rotator cuff tear; Interfacial tissue engineering; Enthesis; Electrospun; Tendon-to-bone
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31370945, 51373112, 81301646, 81501875]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20150641]
- Jiangsu Provincial Special Program of Medical Science [BL2012004]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
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Enthesis is a specialized tissue interface between the tendon and bone. Enthesis structure is very complex because of gradient changes in its composition and structure. There is currently no strategy to create a suitable environment and to regenerate the gradual-changing enthesis because of the modular complexities between two tissue types. Herein, a dual-layer organic/inorganic flexible bipolar fibrous membrane (BFM) was successfully fabricated by electrospinning to generate biomimetic non-mineralized fibrocartilage and mineralized fibrocartilage in tendon-to-bone integration of enthesis. The growth of the in situ apatite nanoparticle layer was induced on the nano hydroxyapatite-poly-L-lactic acid (nHAPLLA) fibrous layer in simulated body solution, and the poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) fibrous layer retained its original properties to induce tendon regeneration. The in vivo results showed that BFM significantly increased the area of glycosaminoglycan staining at the tendon-bone interface and improved collagen organization when compared to the simplex fibrous membrane (SFM) of PLLA. Implanting the bipolar membrane also induced bone formation and fibrillogenesis as assessed by micro-CT and histological analysis. Biomechanical testing showed that the BFM group had a greater ultimate load-to-failure and stiffness than the SFM group at 12 weeks after surgery. Therefore, this flexible bipolar nanofibrous membrane improves the healing and regeneration process of the enthesis in rotator cuff repair. Statement of Significance In this study, we generated a biomimetic dual-layer organic/inorganic flexible bipolar fibrous membrane by sequential electrospinning and in situ biomineralization, producing integrated bipolar fibrous membranes of PLLA fibrous membrane as the upper layer and nHA-PLLA fibrous membrane as the lower layer to mimic non-mineralized fibrocartilage and mineralized fibrocartilage in tendon-to-bone integration of enthesis. Flexible bipolar nanofibrous membranes could be easily fabricated with gradient microstructure for enthesis regeneration in rotator cuff tears. (C) 2017 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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