Journal
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 65, Issue 7, Pages 1059-1065Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix512
Keywords
beta-lactam allergy; penicillin allergy; clinical outcome; quality improvement; antimicrobial stewardship
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Funding
- North York General Hospital Exploration Fund
- Innovation Fund of the Alternate Funding Plan from the Academic Health Sciences Centres of Ontario
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Background. beta-lactam allergy skin testing (BLAST) is recommended by antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) guidelines, yet few studies have systematically evaluated its impact when delivered at point of care. Methods. We conducted a pragmatic multicenter prospective evaluation of the use of point-of-care BLAST by ASPs. In staggered 3-month intervals, ASP teams at 3 hospitals received training by allergists to offer BLAST for eligible patients with infectious diseases receiving nonpreferred therapy due to severity of their reported allergy. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients receiving the preferred beta-lactam therapy. Results. Of 827 patients with reported beta-lactam allergy over 15 months, beta-lactam therapy was preferred among 632 (76%). During baseline periods, 50% (124/246) received preferred beta-lactam therapy based on history, compared with 60% (232/386) during the intervention periods (P =.02), which improved further to 81% (313/386) upon provision of BLAST (P <.001) without any increase in incidence of adverse drug reactions (4% vs 3%; P =.4). After adjusting for patient variables and the correlation between hospitals, the intervention period was associated with a 4.5-fold greater odds of receiving preferred beta-lactam therapy (95% confidence interval, 2.4-8.2; P <.0001). Conclusions. The use of BLAST at the point of care across 3 hospital ASPs resulted in greater use of preferred beta-lactam therapy without increasing the risk of adverse drug reactions. Longer-term studies are needed to better assess the safety and clinical impact of this ASP intervention.
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