Journal
WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 33, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2363-x
Keywords
Alginate; Azotobacter vinelandii; Pseudomonas spp.
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Funding
- CONICYT-Chile [PCCI40039, FONDECYT 1170896]
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Alginate is a linear polysaccharide that can be used for different applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. These polysaccharides have a chemical structure composed of subunits of (1-4)-beta-d-mannuronic acid (M) and its C-5 epimer alpha-L-guluronic acid (G). The monomer composition and molecular weight of alginates are known to have effects on their properties. Currently, these polysaccharides are commercially extracted from seaweed but can also be produced by Azotobacter vinelandii and Pseudomonas spp. as an extracellular polymer. One strategy to produce alginates with different molecular weights and with reproducible physicochemical characteristics is through the manipulation of the culture conditions during fermentation. This mini-review provides a comparative analysis of the metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in alginate polymerization from A. vinelandii and Pseudomonas spp. Different fermentation strategies used to produce alginates at a bioreactor laboratory scale are described.
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