Journal
JOULE
Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 394-406Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2017.06.002
Keywords
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Funding
- Department of Energy, Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E) [DE-AR0000750]
- NSF [DMR-1654596]
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) [KUS-C1-018-02]
- NSF-MRSEC [DMR-1120296]
- Kavli Institute at Cornell, DOE EFRC BES [DE-SC0001086]
- Energy Materials Center at Cornell, DOE EFRC BES [DE-SC0001086]
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0001086] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
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Substrates able to rectify transport of ions based on charge and/or size are ubiquitous in biological systems. Electrolytes and interphases that selectively transport electrochemically active ions are likewise of broad interest in all electrical energy storage technologies. In lithium-ion batteries, electrolytes with singleor near-single-ion conductivity reduce losses caused by ion polarization. In emergent lithium or sodium metal batteries, they maintain high conductivity at the anode and stabilize metal deposition by fundamental mechanisms. We report that 20- to 300-nm-thick, single-ion-conducting membranes deposited at the anode enable electrolytes with the highest combination of cation transference number, ionic conductivity, and electrochemical stability reported. By means of direct visualization we find that single-ion membranes also reduce dendritic deposition of Li in liquids. Galvanostatic measurements further show that the electrolytes facilitate long (3 mAh) recharge of full Li/LiNi0.8-Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) cells with high cathode loadings (3 mAh cm(-2) /19.9 mg cm(-2)) and at high current densities (3 mA cm(-2)).
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