4.7 Article

Fabrication of cellulose acetate/polybenzoxazine cross-linked electrospun nanofibrous membrane for water treatment

Journal

CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
Volume 177, Issue -, Pages 378-387

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.127

Keywords

Cellulose acetate; Electrospinning; Nanofibers; PAH removal; Polybenzoxazine; Water treatment

Funding

  1. Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA-GEBIP)
  2. TUBITAK [2211-C]

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Herein, polybenzoxazine based cross-linked cellulose acetate nanofibrous membrane exhibiting enhanced thermal/mechanical properties and improved adsorption efficiency was successfully produced via electrospinning and thermal curing. Initially, suitable solution composition was determined by varying the amount of the benzoxazine (BA-a) resin, cellulose acetate (CA) and citric acid (CTR) to obtain uniform nanofibrous membrane via electrospinning. Subsequently, thermal curing was performed by step-wise at 150, 175, 200 and 225 degrees C to obtain cross-linked composite nanofibrous membranes. SEM images and solubility experiments demonstrated that most favorable result was obtained from the 10% (w/v) CA, 5% (w/v) BA-a and 1% (w/v) CTR composition and cross-linked nanofibrous membrane (CA10/PolyBA-a5/CTR1) was obtained after the thermal curing. Chemical structural changes (ring opening) occurred by thermal curing revealed successful cross-linking of BA-a in the composite nanofibrous membrane. Thermal, mechanical and adsorption performance of pristine CA and CA10/PolyBA-a5/CTR1 nanofibrous membranes were studied. Char yield of the pristine CA nanofibrous membrane has increased notably from 12 to 24.7% for composite CA10/PolyBA-a5/CTR1 membrane. When compared to pristine CA membrane, CA10/PolyBA-a5/CTR1 nanofibrous membrane has shown superior mechanical properties having tensile strength and Young's modulus of 8.64 +/- 0.63 MPa and 213.87 +/- 30.79 MPa, respectively. Finally, adsorption performance of pristine CA and CA10/PolyBA-a5/CTR1 nanofibrous membranes was examined by a model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compound (i.e. phenanthrene) in aqueous solution, in which CA10/PolyBA-a5/CTR1 nanofibrous membrane has shown better removal efficiency (98.5%) and adsorption capacity (592 mu g/g).

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