Journal
BONE
Volume 104, Issue -, Pages 84-90Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.12.008
Keywords
Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry; Child; Pediatrics
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Funding
- NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR001425] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [T35 DK060444] Funding Source: Medline
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Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) is a vital tool for assessing bone health in patients at risk for fragility fractures. In pediatric patients, this technology is used in conjunction with clinical fracture history to diagnosis osteoporosis and monitor treatment response. Childhood and adolescence is characterized by linear growth and bone mass accrual; thus there are important differences in the interpretation of bone measurements obtained by DXA in these young patients. This review aims to explore the current indications for DXA use and interpretation of DXA in the pediatric age group using currently available reference databases. Limitations of DXA in pediatric patients, specifically in children with short stature, will be explored. We will review several pathophysiologic mechanisms that may lead to low bone density in children, discussing representative diseases and the recommendations for monitoring bone health with DXA in these conditions. Finally, we will highlight new methods by which DXA imaging can gather additional information on bone health in children and may improve our ability to predict fractures and osteoporosis. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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