Journal
VIRUS RESEARCH
Volume 254, Issue -, Pages 27-33Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.06.019
Keywords
Zika virus; Dengue virus; Immunity; Flaviviruses; Neutralizing antibodies; Antibody-dependent enhancement; Cross-reactivity; Memory B cells; T cells; Envelope protein; Monoclonal antibody; Polyclonal antibody response; Structural immunology
Categories
Funding
- NIAID/NIH [P01 AI106695]
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [P01AI106695] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Zika virus (ZIKV) caused explosive epidemics across the Americas, starting in Brazil in 2015, and has been associated with severe manifestations such as microcephaly in babies born to infected mothers and Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. As the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis remain largely unknown, diverse investigations have focused on a potential role for flavivirus cross-reactive antibodies in enhancing ZIKV infection. Antibody-dependent enhancement is especially concerning due to structural similarities between ZIKV and other flaviviruses, especially dengue virus (DENY), that co-circulate in areas affected by ZIKV. Conversely, investigating cross-neutralizing antibodies is important for understanding protection among flaviviruses, including ZIKV. In this review, we discuss the latest findings regarding ZIKV-induced adaptive immunity, such as monoclonal and polyclonal antibody responses, structural immunology, and T cell-mediated responses. Much progress has been made in a short amount of time, but many questions remain. Fully understanding the specificity, magnitude, and kinetics of B cell/antibody and T cell responses in ZIKV-infected individuals with or without prior exposure to flaviviruses is of great relevance for diagnostics and vaccine development.
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