4.8 Article

Hollow Pd-Ag Composite Nanowires for Fast Responding and Transparent Hydrogen Sensors

Journal

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 9, Issue 45, Pages 39464-39474

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10908

Keywords

LPNE; galvanic replacement reaction; alloy metal; hollow nanowire; sensor

Funding

  1. Global Ph.D. Fellowship Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2016H1A2A1907718]
  2. Wearable Platform Materials Technology Center (WMC) - National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant of the Korean Government (MSIP) [2016R1A5A1009926]
  3. NRF of Korea - Ministry of Science, ICT and Fugure Planning [NRF-2015R1A2A1A16074901]
  4. National Science Foundation Devision of Chemistry [CHE - 1306928]
  5. National Research Foundation of Korea [2016H1A2A1907718] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)

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Pd based alloy materials with hollow nanostructures are ideal hydrogen (H-2) sensor building blocks because of their double-H-2 sensing active sites (interior and exterior side of hollow Pd alloy) and fast response. In this work, for the first time, we report a simple fabrication process for preparing hollow Pd-Ag alloy nanowires (Pd@Ag HNWs) by using the electrodeposition of lithographically patterned silver nanowires (NWs), followed by galvanic replacement reaction (GRR) to form palladium. By controlling the GRR time of aligned Ag NWs within an aqueous Pd(2+)containing solution, the compositional transition and morphological evolution from Ag NWs to Pd@Ag HNWs simultaneously occurred, and the relative atomic ratio between Pd and Ag was controlled. Interestingly, a GRR. duration of 17 h transformed Ag NWs into Pd@Ag HNWs that showed enhanced H-2 response and faster sensing response time, reduced 2.5-fold, as compared with Ag NWs subjected to a shorter GRR period of 10 h. Furthermore, Pd@Ag HNWs patterned on the colorless and flexible polyimide (cPI) substrate showed highly reversible H-2 sensing characteristics. To further demonstrate the potential use of Pd@Ag HNWs as sensing layers for all-transparent, wearable H-2 sensing devices, we patterned the Au NWs perpendicular to Pd@Ag HNWs to form a heterogeneous grid-type metallic NW electrode which showed reversible H-2 sensing properties in both bent and flat states.

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