4.2 Article

Effects of fermentation conditions on valuable products of ethanolic fungus Mucor indicus

Journal

ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 30, Issue -, Pages 77-82

Publisher

UNIV CATOLICA DE VALPARAISO
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2017.09.003

Keywords

Biomass; Ethanol; Fungus lipids; Fungus morphology; Glucosamine; Glucose; Glycerol; Morphology; N-acetyl glucosamine; Oil; Zygomycetes

Funding

  1. Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran

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Background: Mucor indicus is a dimorphic fungus used in the production of ethanol, oil, protein, and glucosamine. It can ferment different pentoses and hexoses; however, the yields of products highly depend on the nutrients and cultivation conditions. In this study, the effects of different morphologic forms, cultivation time and temperature, presence or absence of oxygen, carbon sources, and concentration of nitrogen source on the products of M. indicus were investigated. Results: The fungus with all morphologies produced high yields of ethanol, in the range of 0.32-0.43 g/g, on glucose. However, the fungus with filamentous morphology produced higher amounts of oil, protein, phosphate, and glucosamine together with ethanol, compared with other morphologies. A higher amount of oil (0.145 g/g biomass) was produced at 28 degrees C, while the best temperature for protein and glucosamine production was 32 and 37 degrees C, respectively. Although ethanol was produced at a higher yield (0.44 g/g) under anaerobic conditions compared with aerobic conditions (yield of 0.41 g/g), aerobic cultivation resulted in higher yields of protein (0.51 g/g biomass), glucosamine (0.16 g/g alkali insoluble material, AIM), and phosphate (0.11 g/g AIM). Conclusions: It is not possible to have the maximum amounts of the products simultaneously. The fermentation conditions and composition of culture media determine the product yields. Carbon source type and the addition of nitrogen source are among the most influencing factors on the product yields. Moreover, all measured products were made with higher yields in cultivation on glucose, except glucosamine, which was produced with higher yields on xylose. (C) 2017 Pontificia Universidad Catalica de Valparaiso. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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