Journal
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
Volume 176, Issue -, Pages 315-326Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.093
Keywords
Biopolymer; Graft co-polymerisation; Microwave assisted synthesis; Adsorption; Dye
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Funding
- National Research Foundation, South Africa
- Center for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg
- Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg
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In the present project, graft polymerization was employed to synthesis a novel adsorbent using acrylic acid (AA) and xanthan gum (XG) for cationic methylene dye (MB+) removal from aqueous solution. The XG was rapidly grafted with acrylic acid (CH2 = CHCOOH) under microwave heating. Fourier -transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Proton Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-1 NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques were used to verify the adsorbent formed under optimized reaction conditions. Optimum reaction conditions [AA (0.4 M), APS (0.05 M), XG (2 g L-1), MW power (100%), MW time (80s)] offer maximum %G and %GE of 484 and 78.3, respectively. The removal ratio of adsorbent to MB+ reached to 92.8% at 100 mg L-1. Equilibrium and kinetic adsorptions of dyes were better explained by the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second -order kinetic model respectively. The results demonstrate xanthan gum grafted polyacrylic acid (mw XG-g-PAA) absorbent had the universality for removal of dyes through the chemical adsorption mechanism.
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