Journal
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
Volume 43, Issue 17, Pages 15666-15677Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.08.126
Keywords
Lead-free piezoelectric ceramic; Piezoelectricity; Ferroelectricity; Defect dipoles
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51572178]
- Education Department of Sichuan Province [15ZA0037]
- Science and Technology Bureau of Sichuan Province [2016JY0225]
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K0.5Na0.5NbO3 + x mol KCuTa3O9 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with superior hardening properties were synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. The addition of a small amount of KCuTa3O9 (x <= 0.04) induces the formation of (Cu'''(Nb) - V-O(..))' (DC1) and (V-O(..) - Cu'''(Nb) - V-O(..) )(.) (DC2) defect dipoles; however, DC2 becomes dominant in the ceramics with high levels of KCuTa3O9. The DC1 can provide a restoring force to reverse the switched polarization, inducing double hysteresis loops, while DC2 slightly impedes polarization back-switching. Because of the combination of DC1 and DC2 associates, the ceramics become gradually hardened with x increasing from 0 to 0.01, giving a superhigh mechanical quality factor Q(m) of 2494 at x = 0.01, and then are gradually softened with x further increasing to 0.07, exhibiting a relatively low Qm of 549 at x = 0.07. Our study shows that the control of defect structures can effectively tailor the ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity of K0.5Na0.5NbO3-based lead-free ceramics.
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