Journal
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
Volume 235, Issue -, Pages 29-36Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.01.012
Keywords
Echinococcus multilocularis; Extracellular vesicle; Macrophage
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31201900, 31472185]
- State Public-interest Institution Basal Research Fund [1610312016017]
- National Key Basic Research Program (973 program) of China [2015CB150300]
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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role in intercellular communications via exchanging biological molecules, being involved in host-parasite interplay. Little is to date known about E. multilocularis EVs and their biological activities. Here spherical EVs secreted by E. multilocularis metacestodes were shown to range predominately from 34nm to 95nm in diameter. A total of 433 proteins were identified in the EVs, and the proteins involved in binding (42%) and catalytic activity (41%) were most frequently represented. Moreover, the proteins associated with EV biogenesis and trafficking, including annexin, 14-3-3, tetraspanin and heat shock protein 70 kDa, were highly enriched. It was shown that the EVs remarkably suppressed NO produced by activated RAW macrophages via downregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression (p<0.01). Suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta, was also observed post treatment with the EVs. Conversely, increased expression of the majority (10/11) of key components involved in the LPS/TLR4 pathway was induced by the EVs. These results demonstrate a regulatory effect of E. multilocularis EVs on macrophages, suggesting a role in parasite-host interactions. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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