Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
Volume 1862, Issue 11, Pages 1355-1367Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.11.002
Keywords
Phosphatidylinositol mannosides; Glycolipid; Mycobacteria; Glycosyltransferase; Acyltransferase; Structural biology
Funding
- European Commission [HEALTH-F3-2011-260872]
- MINECO [BIO2013-49022-C2-2-R]
- Basque Government
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Phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannosides (PIMs) are glycolipids of unique chemical structure found in the inner and outer membranes of the cell envelope of all Mycobacterium species. The PIM family of glycolipids comprises phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexamannosides with different degrees of acylation. PIMs are considered not only essential structural components of the cell envelope but also the precursors of lipomannan and lipoarabinomannan, two major lipoglycans implicated in host-pathogen interactions. Since the description of the complete chemical structure of PIMs, major efforts have been committed to defining the molecular bases of its biosynthetic pathway. The structural characterization of the integral membrane phosphatidyl-myo-inositol phosphate synthase (PIPS), and that of three enzymes working at the protein membrane interface, the phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannosyltransferases A and B, and the acyltransferase PatA, established the basis of the early steps of the PIM pathway at the molecular level. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Bacterial Lipids edited by Russell E. Bishop. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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