Journal
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 202, Issue -, Pages 70-78Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.08.003
Keywords
Pharmaceuticals; Fluoxetine; Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; Aquatic toxicology; Endocrine disruption; Estradiol; Reproduction
Funding
- University of Ottawa
- NSERC
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Evidence suggests that pharmaceuticals and personal care products reach urban watersheds, bioconcentrate in fish, and potentially disrupt physiological homeostasis. These impairments often affect hormone functions. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRRIs) are increasingly studied with regards to their endocrine disrupting effects on teleost physiological processes, including reproduction. To examine whether FLX effects on the endocrine regulation of reproductive physiology in goldfish are sex-specific, we exposed sexually recrudescent female goldfish to two waterborne concentrations of FLX (0.54 mu g/L and 54 mu g/L) using an experimental design previously used for sexually mature male goldfish. To evaluate possible endocrine disrupting effects, we quantified the gonadosomatic index, circulating hormone concentrations (luteinizing hormone, LH; growth hormone, GH; 17-beta estradiol, E-2; and testosterone, T), and the expression of isotocin and vasotocin in the telencephalon, gonadotropin subunits and GH in the pituitary, and gonadotropin receptors, GH receptors, and aromatase in the ovary. Female goldfish exposed to 0.54 mu g/L FLX exhibited a significant decrease in circulating E-2, and conversely, a significant increase in circulating LH and ovarian aromatase mRNA levels, suggesting disruption of E-2-mediated feedback on LH release. These results, when compared with those previously observed in males, reveal that waterborne exposure to environmentally relevant levels of FLX sex-specifically disrupts the reproductive endocrine axis in goldfish, characterized by a decrease in E-2 in females, and conversely, estrogen like effects in males. These data emphasize the importance of studying the effect of endocrine disrupting chemicals on both sexes.
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