Risk of post-procedural bleeding in children on intravenous fish oil

Background: Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) can be treated with parenteral fish oil (FO) monotherapy, but practitioners have raised concerns about a potential bleeding risk. This study aims to describe the incidence of clinically significant post-procedural bleeding (CSPPB) in children receiving FO monotherapy. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients at our institution treated with intravenous FO for IFALD. CSPPB was defined as bleeding leading to re-operation, transfer to the intensive care unit, re-admission, or death, up to one month after any invasive procedure. Results: From 244 patients reviewed, 183 underwent >= 1 invasive procedure(s) (n = 732). Five (0.68%, 95% CI 0.22-1.59%) procedures resulted in CSPPB. FO therapy was never interrupted. No deaths due to bleeding occurred. Conclusions: Findings suggest that FO therapy is safe, with a CSPPB risk no greater than that reported in the general population. O3FA should not be held in preparation for procedures or in the event of bleeding. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.