Synthesis of magnetic biochar from bamboo biomass to activate persulfate for the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine sediments

This study developed a new and cost-effective method for the remediation of marine sediments contaminated with PAHs. Fe3O4 particles were synthesized as the active component, supported on bamboo biochar (BB) to form a composite catalyst (Fe3O4-BB). The effects of critical parameters, including the initial pH, sodium persulfate (PS) concentration, and dose of catalyst were investigated. The concentration of high-molecular-weight PAHs in sediments was much higher than that of low-molecular-weight PAHs; pyrene was an especially prominent marker of PAH contamination in sediments. Fe3O4-BB/PS exhibited a substantial improvement in PAH degradation efficiency (degradation rate: Fe3O4-BB/PS, 86%; PS, 14%) at a PS concentration of 1.7 x 10(-5) M, catalyst concentration of 3.33 g/L, and pH of 3.0. The results of this study demonstrate that possible activation mechanisms include Fe2+-Fe3+ redox coupling and electron shuttling that mediates electron transfer of the BB oxygen functional groups, promoting the generation of SO4- in the Fe3O4-BB/PS system.