Journal
JOURNAL OF FUNGI
Volume 3, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jof3040051
Keywords
fungal pathogen; cell wall; immune system; dimorphism; Aspergillus; Cryptococcus; Candida; Sporothrix; Paracoccidioides; phagocytosis
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Funding
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [CB2011/166860, PDCPN2014-247109, FC 2015-02-834]
- Universidad de Guanajuato [0087/13, 1025/2016, 000025/11]
- Universidad de Guanajuato (Convocatoria Institucional para Fortalecer la Excelencia Academica 2015)
- Programa de Mejoramiento del Profesorado [UGTO-PTC-261]
- Red Tematica Glicociencia en Salud (CONACYT-Mexico)
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The recognition of fungal cells by the host immune system is key during the establishment of a protective anti-fungal response. Even though the immune system has evolved a vast number of processes to control these organisms, they have developed strategies to fight back, avoiding the proper recognition by immune components and thus interfering with the host protective mechanisms. Therefore, the strategies to evade the immune system are as important as the virulence factors and attributes that damage the host tissues and cells. Here, we performed a thorough revision of the main fungal tactics to escape from the host immunosurveillance processes. These include the composition and organization of the cell wall, the fungal capsule, the formation of titan cells, biofilms, and asteroid bodies; the ability to undergo dimorphism; and the escape from nutritional immunity, extracellular traps, phagocytosis, and the action of humoral immune effectors.
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