Journal
DIABETES
Volume 66, Issue 12, Pages 3029-3040Publisher
AMER DIABETES ASSOC
DOI: 10.2337/db16-1569
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Funding
- Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [BFU2010-17639]
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III [PI14/00447]
- MINECO [BIO2014-57716-C2-2-R]
- ISCIII-Subdireccion General de Evaluacion y Fomento de la Investigacion el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER, Union Europea, Una manera de hacer Europa)
- European Foundation
- CIBERDEM
- CERCA Programme (Generalitat de Catalunya)
- Department of Economy and Knowledge of Generalitat de Catalunya [2014_SGR_520]
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)
- Sarda Farriol Research Programme
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The pancreatic beta-cell transcriptome is highly sensitive to external signals such as glucose oscillations and stress cues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key factors in gene expression regulation. Here, we aimed to identify miRNAs that are modulated by glucose in mouse pancreatic islets. We identified miR-708 as the most upregulated miRNA in islets cultured at low glucose concentrations, a setting that triggers a strong stress response. miR-708 was also potently upregulated by triggering endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress with thapsigargin and in islets of ob/ob mice. Low-glucose induction of miR-708 was blocked by treatment with the chemical chaperone 4-phenylbutyrate, uncovering the involvement of ER stress in this response. An integrative analysis identified neuronatin (Nnat) as a potential glucose-regulated target of miR-708. Indeed, Nnat expression was inversely correlated with miR-708 in islets cultured at different glucose concentrations and in ob/ob mouse islets and was reduced after miR-708 overexpression. Consistent with the role of Nnat in the secretory function of beta-cells, miR-708 overexpression impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), which was recovered by NNAT overexpression. Moreover, miR-708 inhibition recovered GSIS in islets cultured at low glucose. Finally, miR-708 overexpression suppressed beta-cell proliferation and induced beta-cell apoptosis. Collectively, our results provide a novel mechanism of glucose regulation of beta-cell function and growth by repressing stress-induced miR-708.
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