Journal
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
Volume 23, Issue 2, Pages 165-180Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.12.007
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Funding
- Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) [1057815, 1099262]
- independent research institutes infrastructure support scheme [361646]
- Wellcome Trust [WT108045A1A]
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1057815] Funding Source: NHMRC
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The inflammasome is a cytoplasmic protein complex that processes interleukins (IL)-1(3 and IL-18, and drives a form of cell death known as pyroptosis. Oligomerization of this complex is actually the second step of activation, and a priming step must occur first. This involves transcriptional upregulation of pro -IL-1 3, inflammasome sensor NLRP3, or the non canonical inflammasome sensor caspase-11. An additional aspect of priming is the post -translational modification of particular inflammasome constituents. Priming is typically accomplished in vitro using a microbial Toll -like receptor (TLR) ligand. However, it is now clear that inflammasomes are activated during the progression of sterile inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, metabolic disease, and neuroinflammatory disorders. Therefore, it is time to consider the endogenous factors and mechanisms that may prime the inflammasome in these conditions.
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