Journal
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
Volume 42, Issue 4, Pages 245-254Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2016.10.004
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Project [2016YFA0501500]
- China National Science Foundation [31225002, 31461143006]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB08020202]
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
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Pyroptosis was long regarded as caspase-1-mediated monocyte death in response to certain bacterial insults. Caspase-1 is activated upon various infectious and immunological challenges through different inflammasomes. The discovery of caspase-11/4/5 function in sensing intracellular lipopolysaccharide expands the spectrum of pyroptosis mediators and also reveals that pyroptosis is not cell type specific. Recent studies identified the pyroptosis executioner, gasdermin D (GSDMD), a substrate of both caspase-1 and caspase-11/4/5. GSDMD represents a large gasdermin family bearing a novel membrane pore-forming activity. Thus, pyroptosis is redefined as gasdermin-mediated programmed necrosis. Gasdermins are associated with various genetic diseases, but their cellular function and mechanism of activation (except for GSDMD) are unknown. The gasdermin family suggests a new area of research on pyroptosis function in immunity, disease, and beyond.
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