Journal
EURASIAN SOIL SCIENCE
Volume 48, Issue 9, Pages 959-967Publisher
MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1134/S1064229315090033
Keywords
microbial biomass; microbial diversity; nanoforms; pool of microorganisms; structural-functional arrangement; environmental functions; bacteria; fungi
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Funding
- Russian Scientific Foundation [14-50-00029]
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The results of long-term investigations performed by researchers from the Department of Soil Biology at the Faculty of Soil Science of Moscow State University into one of the major functions of soil microorganisms-sustenance of the turnover of matter and energy in the biosphere-are discussed. Data on the population densities of soil microbes and on the microbial biomass in different types of soils are presented. The systemic approach has been applied to study the structural-functional organization of the soil microbial communities. The role of eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms in the carbon and nitrogen cycles is elucidated. It is argued that the high population density and diversity of microorganisms are necessary to maintain the turnover of chemical elements in terrestrial ecosystems. The viability of microbes stored in the soils is important. New data on the preservation and survival of bacteria in nanoforms are presented. It is shown that peatlands and paleosols are natural banks, where microbes can be preserved in a viable state for tens of thousands years.
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