Journal
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 28, Issue 4, Pages 275-287Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2017.1279169
Keywords
Bone; scaffolds; stem cells; swine; tissue engineering; ASC; adipose-derived stem cells; BMP; bone morphogenetic protein; BMSC; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; DEG; differentially expressed genes; FDR; false-discovery rate; HA; hydroxyapatite; HA; TCP; hydroxyapatite; tricalcium phosphate; MRI; magnetic resonance imaging; MSC; mesenchymal stem cells; ONFH; osteonecrosis of the femoral head; PEG; polyethylene glycol; PLGA; polylactic-coglycolic acid; TCP; beta tri-calcium phosphate; PCL; Poly (E-caprolactone); USSC; unrestricted somatic stem cell
Funding
- Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL [2007-04072]
- Illinois Regenerative Medicine Institute [63080017]
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute for Genomic Biology
- NIAMS [R01AR060892-01A1]
- NIDCR [R21 DE022439]
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Bone is a plastic tissue with a large healing capability. However, extensive bone loss due to disease or trauma requires extreme therapy such as bone grafting or tissue-engineering applications. Presently, bone grafting is the gold standard for bone repair, but presents serious limitations including donor site morbidity, rejection, and limited tissue regeneration. The use of stem cells appears to be a means to overcome such limitations. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) have been the choice thus far for stem cell therapy for bone regeneration. However, adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) have similar immunophenotype, morphology, multilineage potential, and transcriptome compared to BMSC, and both types have demonstrated extensive osteogenic capacity both in vitro and in vivo in several species. The use of scaffolds in combination with stem cells and growth factors provides a valuable tool for guided bone regeneration, especially for complex anatomic defects. Before translation to human medicine, regenerative strategies must be developed in animal models to improve effectiveness and efficiency. The pig presents as a useful model due to similar macro- and microanatomy and favorable logistics of use. This review examines data that provides strong support for the clinical translation of the pig model for bone regeneration.
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