Journal
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 94, Issue -, Pages 21-38Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.06.012
Keywords
Wastewater-based epidemiology; Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry; New psychoactive substances (NPS); Population biomarkers; High-resolution mass spectrometry
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Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO)
- ERDF (European Regional Development Fund) through the project Eco2TOOLS [CGL2015-64454-C2-1-R]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness
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Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) started to develop significantly in the last 8 years due, in part, to the advance of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Its initial objective - to estimate the consumption of illicit drugs - has been expanded to new psychoactive substances (NPS) and other human biomarkers of health, lifestyle and disease. The purpose of this review is to introduce recent methods and outstanding challenges in the application of LC-MS to these new targets, including target, suspect and non-target screening and, outline the workflows developed for discovering metabolites of NPS and biomarkers. Further, we discuss a number of specific methodological challenges that also deserve scrutiny in future research. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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