Journal
TOPICS IN STROKE REHABILITATION
Volume 25, Issue 1, Pages 61-67Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2017.1374685
Keywords
Stroke; depression; post-stroke depression; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS); aerobic exercise; rehabilitation
Categories
Funding
- Institutional Development Award from the National Institute of General Medical Science of the National Institute of Health [P20-GM109040]
- Promotion of Doctoral Studies (PODS I) Scholarship from the Foundation for Physical Therapy
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [P2CHD086844] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [P20GM109040] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Objective and importance: Residual effects of stroke include well-documented functional limitations and high prevalence of depression. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and aerobic exercise (AEx) are established techniques that improve depressive symptoms, but a combination of the two has yet to be reported. The purpose of this case series is to examine the safety, feasibility, and impact of combined rTMS and AEx on post-stroke depression and functional mobility. Clinical presentation: Three participants with a history of stroke and at least mild depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionare-9 >= 5). Intervention: Both rTMS and AEx were completed 3 times/week for 8-weeks. rTMS was applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, 5000 pulses/session at 10Hz, at an intensity of 120% of resting motor threshold. AEx consisted of 40min of treadmill walking at 50-70% of heart rate reserve. Results: Depressive symptoms improved in all three participants, with all demonstrating response (>= 50% improvement in symptoms) and likely remission. All participants improved their Six Minute Walk Test distance and Participants 1 and 2 also improved Berg Balance Scale scores. Participants 1 and 3 improved overground walking speeds. No serious adverse events occurred with the application of rTMS or AEx and the participants' subjective reports indicated positive responses. Adherence rate for both rTMS and AEx was 98%. Conclusion: Combined treatment of rTMS and AEx appears safe, feasible, and tolerable in individuals with a history of stroke and at least mild depressive symptoms. All participants had good compliance and demonstrated improvements in both depressive symptoms and walking capacity.
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