Journal
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 89, Issue 23, Pages 12880-12887Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03526
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Droplet-based microfluidic systems that incorporate flowing streams of pL-volume droplets surrounded by a continuous and immiscible carrier phase have attracted significant recent attention due to their utility in complex chemical and biological experimentation. Analysis of pL droplets, generated at kHz frequencies and moving at high linear velocities, is almost exclusively achieved using fluorescence-based detection schemes. To extend the applicability of such optical detection schemes, we herein report the development of a simple and cost-effective optofluidic platform, integrating liquid-core PDMS waveguides, that allows the accurate measurement of absorbance within individual pL-volume droplets moving within segmented flows. Using such an approach, differential measurements of sample and reference droplets can be acquired at 1 kHz and yield detection limits of 400 nM for fluorescein in water. Significantly, the presented technique enables simultaneous fluorescence and absorbance interrogation of rapidly moving droplets in a fully automated manner. Proof of principle is demonstrated through the titration and monitoring of pH gradients in real time.
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