Multi-layered scaffolds production via Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) using an open source 3D printer: process parameters optimization for dimensional accuracy and design reproducibility

One of the most applied strategies in tissue engineering consists in the development of 3D porous scaffolds with similar composition to the specific tissue. In fact, the microstructure of the scaffolds influences the final structure of the in growing tissue. In this study, multi-layered PCL scaffolds were produced with modified Fab@home FDM printer in order to analyze the influence of the extrusion technology ( filament or powder extrusion head) and of the process parameters on the deposited material. In particular, dimensions and uniformity of both deposited filament and grid of the scaffolds were analyzed to understand the influence of the process parameters so as to optimize the FDM production technology. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.