Journal
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 31, Issue 5, Pages 561-568Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2017.09.012
Keywords
Serrated polyps; Colorectal adenomas; Colorectal cancer; Cancer risk; Epidemiology
Categories
Funding
- Summer Studentship at the Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast
- Cancer Research UK [15333] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [MC_CF023241] Funding Source: researchfish
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and has a complex aetiology consisting of environmental and genetic factors. In this review, we evaluate the roles of alcohol and tobacco smoking in colorectal neoplasia. Alcohol intake and tobacco smoking are associated with modest, but significantly, increased risks of CRC, adenomatous and serrated polyps. There is consistent evidence of dose-response relationships for both alcohol and smoking, and risk of these neoplasms. Alcohol and smoking appear to be more strongly associated with colorectal polyp than CRC development, suggesting roles in the initiation of neoplastic growths. These lifestyle factors also seem more strongly related to adenomas and sessile serrated lesions than hyperplastic polyps, but further confirmation is required. The gastroenterology community has an important, yet currently underexploited, role to play addressing the modifiable factors associated with CRC and polyps. These behaviours include, but are not limited to, alcohol and smoking. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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