4.5 Review

Nb3Sn superconducting radiofrequency cavities: fabrication, results, properties, and prospects

Journal

SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 30, Issue 3, Pages -

Publisher

IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6668/30/3/033004

Keywords

superconducting cavities; niobium-tin; particle accelerators; superconducting thin films; superconducting materials

Funding

  1. United States Department of Energy, Offices of High Energy Physics
  2. United States Department of Energy [DE-AC02-07CH11359, DE-SC0008431]
  3. United States National Science Foundation [PHY-141638]
  4. United States National Science Foundation MRSEC program [DMR-1120296]
  5. Fermi Research Alliance, LLC [DE-AC02-07CH11359]
  6. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0008431] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)

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A microns-thick film of Nb3Sn on the inner surface of a superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavity has been demonstrated to substantially improve cryogenic efficiency compared to the standard niobium material, and its predicted superheating field is approximately twice as high. We review in detail the advantages of Nb3Sn coatings for SRF cavities. We describe the vapor diffusion process used to fabricate this material in the most successful experiments, and we compare the differences in the process used at different labs. We overview results of Nb3Sn SRF coatings, including CW and pulsed measurements of cavities as well as microscopic measurements. We discuss special considerations that must be practised when using Nb3Sn cavities in applications. Finally, we conclude by summarizing the state-of-the-art and describing the outlook for this alternative SRF material.

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