Journal
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
Volume 52, Issue -, Pages 78-92Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.08.037
Keywords
Epileptogenesis; Early and late seizures; Kindling; Traumatic brain injury; Animal models; Temporal lobe epilepsy
Categories
Funding
- European Union [602102]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Bonn, Germany) [Lo 274/11-2 (FOR 1103)]
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A widely accepted hypothesis holds that there is a seizure-free, pre-epileptic state, termed the latent period, between a brain insult, such as traumatic brain injury or stroke, and the onset of symptomatic epilepsy, during which a cascade of structural, molecular, and functional alterations gradually mediates the process of epileptogenesis. This review, based on recent data from both animal models and patients with different types of brain injury, proposes that epileptogenesis and often subclinical epilepsy can start immediately after brain injury without any appreciable latent period. Even though the latent period has traditionally been the cornerstone concept representing epileptogenesis, we suggest that the evidence for the existence of a latent period is spotty both for animal models and human epilepsy. Knowing whether a latent period exists or not is important for our understanding of epileptogenesis and for the discovery and the trial design of antiepileptogenic agents. The development of antiepileptogenic treatments to prevent epilepsy in patients at risk from a brain insult is a major unmet clinical need. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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