Journal
STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
Volume 27, Issue 9, Pages 2756-2774Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/0962280216686131
Keywords
Direct effect; indirect effect; post-treatment confounder; sensitivity analysis; sequential ignorability
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Funding
- National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institute of Health (NIH) [U54 DE 019285, U54 DE 1426101]
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Different conventional and causal approaches have been proposed for mediation analysis to better understand the mechanism of a treatment. Count and zero-inflated count data occur in biomedicine, economics, and social sciences. This paper considers mediation analysis for count and zero-inflated count data under the potential outcome framework with nonlinear models. When there are post-treatment confounders which are independent of, or affected by, the treatment, we first define the direct, indirect, and total effects of our interest and then discuss various conditions under which the effects of interest can be identified. Proofs are provided for the sensitivity analysis proposed in the paper. Simulation studies show that the methods work well. We apply the methods to the Detroit Dental Health Project's Motivational Interviewing DVD trial for the direct and indirect effects of motivational interviewing on count and zero-inflated count dental caries outcomes.
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