Journal
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003689
Keywords
cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic; hypertension, pulmonary; pulmonary artery; pulmonary heart disease
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [1K08HL11207-01A1]
- American Heart Association [15GRNT25080016]
- Pulmonary Hypertension Association
- Cardiovascular Medical Research and Education Fund
- Klarman Foundation at Brigham
- Women's Hospital
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Background-There are limited data on the prevalence, pathophysiology, and management implications of pulmonary hypertension in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and advanced heart failure. Methods and Results-To assess the clinical significance of measured cardiopulmonary hemodynamics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with heart failure, we retrospectively assessed right heart catheterization data in 162 consecutive patients with outflow tract gradients (median [interquartile range], 90 mm Hg [70-110 mm Hg]), 59 +/- 11 years old, and 49% men, predominately New York Heart Association class III/IV status. Pulmonary hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressure, >= 25 mm Hg) was present in 82 patients (51%), including 29 (18%) regarded as moderate-severe (mean pulmonary artery pressure, >= 35 mm Hg) and 28 (34%) also had increased pulmonary vascular resistance >3.0 WU. The pulmonary artery wedge pressure was <= 15 mm Hg in 54%, indicating that left atrial hypertension was absent in a majority of patients. Notably, 9 patients (11%) met hemodynamic criteria for precapillary pulmonary hypertension (mean pulmonary artery pressure, >= 25 mm Hg; pulmonary vascular resistance, >3.0 WU; pulmonary artery wedge pressure, <= 15 mm Hg). Over a median follow-up of 327 days (90-743 days) after surgical myectomy (or alcohol septal ablation), 92% and 95% of patients with or without preoperative pulmonary hypertension, respectively, were asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic. One postoperative death occurred in a 59-year-old woman with acute respiratory failure and mean pulmonary artery pressure of 65 mm Hg. Conclusions-Pulmonary hypertension was common in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with advanced heart failure. Although possibly a contributor to preoperative heart failure, pulmonary hypertension did not significantly influence clinical and surgical outcome. Notably, a novel patient subgroup was identified with resting invasive hemodynamics consistent with pulmonary vascular disease.
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