Journal
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
Volume 144, Issue 1, Pages 123-137Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268815000965
Keywords
HIV/AIDS; human papilloma virus (HPV); public health
Funding
- NCI [1D43 CA153792]
- NIH/NHGRI [1U54HG006947-01A1]
- NIAID [U19 AI084081, K01 AI080974, U19AI084044]
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [D43CA153792] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE [U54HG006947] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [K01AI080974, U19AI084081, U19AI084044] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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In this study, we evaluated the association between high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) and the vaginal microbiome. Participants were recruited in Nigeria between April and August 2012. Vaginal bacterial composition was characterized by deep sequencing of barcoded 16S rRNA gene fragments (V4) on Illumina MiSeq and HPV was identified using the Roche Linear Array((R)) HPV genotyping test. We used exact logistic regression models to evaluate the association between community state types (CSTs) of vaginal microbiota and hrHPV infection, weighted UniFrac distances to compare the vaginal microbiota of individuals with prevalent hrHPV to those without prevalent hrHPV infection, and the Linear Discriminant Analysis effect size (LEfSe) algorithm to characterize bacteria associated with prevalent hrHPV infection. We observed four CSTs: CST IV-B with a low relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. in 50% of participants; CST III (dominated by L. iners) in 39.2%; CST I (dominated by L. crispatus) in 7.9%; and CST VI (dominated by proteobacteria) in 2.9% of participants. LEfSe analysis suggested an association between prevalent hrHPV infection and a decreased abundance of Lactobacillus sp. with increased abundance of anaerobes particularly of the genera Prevotella and Leptotrichia in HIV-negative women (P < 0.05). These results are hypothesis generating and further studies are required.
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