Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
Volume 34, Issue 9, Pages 2126-2137Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/etc.3038
Keywords
Mayfly; Toxicity testing; Chronic toxicity; Major ions
Categories
Funding
- Great Lakes Restoration Initiative from US Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center [G12AC20025]
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Although insects occur in nearly all freshwater ecosystems, few sensitive insect models exist for use in determining the toxicity of contaminants. The objectives of the present study were to adapt previously developed culturing and toxicity testing methods for the mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), and to further develop a method for chronic toxicity tests spanning organism ages of less than 24h post hatch to adult emergence, using a laboratory cultured diatom diet. The authors conducted 96-h fed acute tests and full-life chronic toxicity tests with sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, and sodium sulfate. The authors generated 96-h median lethal concentrations (LC50s) of 1062mgCl/L (mean of 3 tests), 179mg N-NO3/L, and 1227mg SO4/L. Acute to chronic ratios ranged from 2.1 to 6.4 for chloride, 2.5 to 5.1 for nitrate, and 2.3 to 8.5 for sulfate. The endpoints related to survival and development time were consistently the most sensitive in the tests. The chronic values generated for chloride were in the same range as those generated by others using natural foods. Furthermore, our weight-versus-fecundity plots were similar to those previously published using the food culturing method on which the present authors' method was based, indicating good potential for standardization. The authors believe that the continued use of this sensitive mayfly species in laboratory studies will help to close the gap in understanding between standard laboratory toxicity test results and field-based observations of community impairment . Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:2126-2137. (c) 2015 SETAC
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