Journal
SMALL
Volume 13, Issue 43, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701830
Keywords
antiferromagnetic coupling; contrast agent; magnetometry; MRI; polydopamine
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Funding
- AFOSR [FA9550-11-1-0105]
- Compagnia di San Paolo (CSP NANOPROGLY Project)
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University [sklpme2016-3-03]
- Soft and Hybrid Nanotechnology Experimental (SHyNE) Resource [NSF ECCS-1542205]
- MRSEC program at the Materials Research Center [NSF DMR-1121262]
- International Institute for Nanotechnology (IIN)
- Keck Foundation
- State of Illinois, through the IIN
- FISP award [C6007]
- Air Force Offfice of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-15-1-0273]
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This study reports the preparation of a series of gadolinium-polydopamine nanoparticles (GdPD-NPs) with tunable metal loadings. GdPD-NPs are analyzed by nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion and with a 7-tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. A relaxivity of 75 and 10.3 mM(-1) s(-1) at 1.4 and 7 T is observed, respectively. Furthermore, superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry is used to study intraparticle magnetic interactions and determine the GdPD-NPs consist of isolated metal ions even at maximum metal loadings. From these data, it is concluded that the observed high relaxivities arise from a high hydration state of the Gd(III) at the particle surface, fast rate of water exchange, and negligible antiferromagnetic coupling between Gd(III) centers throughout the particles. This study highlights design parameters and a robust synthetic approach that aid in the development of this scaffold for T1-weighted, high relaxivity MRI contrast agents.
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